Nā huahana
Diethyl Maleate
Hui Pū ʻIa
Na Waiwai Kino
Ke ʻano: wai aniani ʻole kala
Māmā: 1.064 g/mL ma 25 °C (kukui)
Ka helu heheʻe: -10 °C (kukui.)
Puni hoʻolapalapa: 225 °C (kukui.)
Māmā mahu:5.93 (vs ea)
Pumi mahu:1mm Hg (14°C)
Hoʻohālua:n20/D 1.441 (māmā)
Kekahi uila: 200°F
ʻIkepili Palekana
No ka waiwai ma'amau
Code dute: 2917190090
Ka uku hoʻihoʻi ʻauhau i waho (%):9%
Palapala noi
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he pesticide intermediate no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka malathion, kahi pesticide organophosphorus, a me ka mea waena no ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka mea ʻala a me ka mea hoʻoponopono wai maikaʻi (organic polycarboxylic acid phosphonic acid compound).Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka solvent no ka resin a me ka nitrocellulose, plasticizer, organic synthesis, insecticide, polymer monomer a me ke kōkua plastik.
Nā waiwai a me ke kūpaʻa
Paʻa ma ka lumi wela a me ke kaomi.Nā mea i pāpā ʻia: oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, bases.Hiki ke puhi, e hoʻolohe i ke kumu o ke ahi ke hoʻohana a mālama.Kāohi i ka inhalation o nā mahu a pale aku i ka pili ʻana me ka ʻili.
Ke ala mālama
E mālama i kahi maloʻo a maloʻo.E nānā pono i ke kumu o ke ahi i ka wā e hoʻohana ai a mālama ai.
ʻO ke ʻano hana synthesis
1. Hana ʻia ia e ka esterification o maleic anhydride a me ka ethanol i mua o ka sulfuric acid;hiki ke loaʻa ma ka hoʻololi hoʻololi ʻana me ka resin hoʻololi cation ma ke ʻano he catalyst.ʻO ka ʻike o ka diethyl maleate i loko o ka huahana ʻoihana ʻo ≥98%, a ʻo kēlā me kēia ton o ka huahana e hoʻopau i 585kg maleic anhydride (95%) a me 604kg o ethanol (95%).
2. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kāna ʻano hoʻomākaukau e ka esterification o maleic anhydride a me ka ethanol i mua o ka sulfuric acid.Loaʻa i kēia kaʻina hana ʻelua ʻano o ka lewa me ka esterification benzene a me ke kaomi maikaʻi ʻole me ka esterification benzene.
(1) Pumi lewa me ka esterification benzene
E hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka benzene a me ka ethanol i ka ipu hao esterification, e hoʻokomo i loko o ka maleic anhydride, e hoʻohui i ka sulfuric acid dropwise ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, wela ma o ka mahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a hana i nā reactants e hana i ka hopena esterification ma kahi o 75 ℃.Hoʻopau ʻia ka wai i hana ʻia e ka ternary azeotropic distillation me benzene a me ka ethanol, a ʻo ka papa luna o ka benzene a me ka wai ethanol e hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka ipu hao.Ma kahi o 13 ~ 14h ma hope, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka hale kiaʻi distillation i 68.2 ℃, ʻaʻole piʻi hou ka pae wai haʻahaʻa o ka mea hoʻokaʻawale, e hōʻike ana ua pau ka wai i loko o ka ipu hao, ua pau ka hopena esterification.Hoʻopau i ka reflux, hoʻomau i ka distillation i 95-100 ℃, distillation o benzene a me ka ethanol.E hooluolu a hiki i ka 50 ℃, e hoʻokaʻawale me 5% wai wai sodium carbonate solution, e holoi me ka wai a laila e hoʻoneʻe i ke koena benzene a me ka ethanol ma lalo o ka momi no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahana diethyl maleic acid.
(2) ʻO ka esterification kaomi ʻole benzene ʻole
ʻO ka esterification o ka maleic anhydride a me ka ethanol ma lalo o ka hana o ka sulfuric acid e hana ʻia ma lalo o kahi ʻūhā a me ka mahana e lawe mai ai i ka ethanol a me ka wai i hana ʻia e ka hopena i loko o kahi mokuʻāina, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ethanol ma o ke kolamu fractionation i reflux ka esterification, i mea e pau ai ka hopena.Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻopōkole i ka pōʻai pane, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻenehana hana, hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu home i kēia ʻano.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka resin hoʻololi cation ma ke ʻano he catalyst no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana e hana ai i ka ʻakika diethyl maleic.
ʻO ke ala hoʻomaʻemaʻe: holoi me ka dilute potassium carbonate solution, hoʻomaloʻo me ka anhydrous potassium carbonate a i ʻole sodium sulfate a me ka distillation ma lalo o ke kaomi hoʻemi.
