Nā huahana
ʻO Dexamethasone
Hui Pū ʻIa
Kikino
Nānā: ka pauka keʻokeʻo
Mānoanoa: 1.1283
Ka helu hehee: 262-264°C
Puni paila: 568.2±50.0°C
ʻIkepili Palekana
Māhele pōʻino: Nā waiwai nui
Palapala noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka anti-inflammatory a me ka anti allergic.He kūpono ia no ka rheumatoid arthritis a me nā maʻi collagen ʻē aʻe.
Ua hana mua ʻia ʻo Dexamethasone (DXMS) i ka makahiki 1957 a ua helu ʻia ma ka WHO Essential Medicines Standard List ma ke ʻano he lāʻau pono no nā ʻōnaehana olakino.
I ka lā 16 o Iune, 2020, ua ʻōlelo ʻo WHO ua hōʻike nā hopena hoʻokolohua mua ma United Kingdom e hiki i ka dexamethasone ke hoʻopakele i nā ola i nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi neocoronary koʻikoʻi, e hōʻemi ana i ka make ma kahi o kahi hapakolu no nā mea maʻi ma nā ventilator a ma kahi o ka hapalima no nā maʻi ma oxygen wale nō.
ʻO ka Dexamethasone he corticosteroid synthetic hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi rumatika, kekahi mau ʻili o ka ʻili, nā allergies koʻikoʻi, ka hānō, ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi, ka laryngitis pono, ka edema cerebral, a i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau antibiotic i nā maʻi me maʻi maʻi maʻi.Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu hapai o C ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e koi ana i kahi loiloi e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā hopena ʻaoʻao ma mua o ka hiki ke lawelawe ʻia, a me ka helu ʻana o A ma Australia, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i nā wahine hāpai. a ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike o ka pōʻino o ke keiki.
Nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO Dexamethasone, i kapa ʻia ʻo flumethasone, fluprednisolone, a me dexamethasone, he glucocorticoid.ʻO kāna mau mea i loaʻa he hydrocortisone, prednisone, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna mau hopena pharmacological he anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic, anti-allergic a me anti-rheumatic, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana lapaʻau.ʻO kona plasma T1/2 he 190 mau minuke a ʻo ka kiko T1/2 he 3 lā.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko o ka dexamethasone sodium phosphate a i ʻole dexamethasone acetate hiki i ka hola 1 a me 8 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻokele intramuscular.ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻa ʻana o ka protein plasma o kēia huahana ma mua o nā corticosteroids ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hana anti-inflammatory o 0.75 mg e like me 5 mg o prednisolone.ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā Adrenocorticosteroids, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-toxic effects ma mua o ka prednisone, a he māmā loa nā hopena o ka paʻa ʻana o ka sodium a me ka excretion potassium.
1. Ka hopena anti-inflammatory: Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi a pale i ka pane ʻana o ka ʻiʻo i ka mumū, pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka mumū.Hormones keʻakeʻa i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā pūnaewele inflammatory, me nā macrophages a me nā leukocytes, ma ke kahua o ka ʻāʻī a ke kāohi i ka phagocytosis, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā enzymes lysosomal, a me ka synthesis a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mea hoʻopā kemika o ka mumū.
2. Nā hopena Immunosuppressive: e like me ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka pane ʻana o ke kino, hoʻopaneʻe i nā hopena maʻi, hoʻemi i ka nui o nā T lymphocytes, monocytes, a me nā eosinophils, hoʻemi i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia o nā immunoglobulins i nā mea hoʻokipa ʻili o ke kelepona, a ke kāohi nei i ka synthesis a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā interleukin. , ma laila e ho'ēmi ai i ka hoʻololiʻana o nā lymphocytes T i lymphoblasts a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā pane immune mua.Hoʻemi ia i ka hele ʻana o nā paʻakikī immune ma o ka membrane basement a hoʻemi i ka ʻike o nā mea hoʻohui a me nā immunoglobulins.
Hoʻopili koke ʻia ia mai ka ʻāpana GI, me ka plasma T1/2 o 190 mau minuke a me ka kiko T1/2 o 3 mau lā.Loaʻa ka helu kiʻekiʻe o ke koko ma 1 hola a me 8 mau hola ma hope o ka intramuscular injection o ka dexamethasone sodium phosphate a i ʻole dexamethasone acetate, kēlā me kēia.ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasma protein binding rate o kēia huahana ma mua o nā corticosteroids ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ka hana anti-inflammatory o kēia huahana 0.75 mg e like me 5 mg o prednisolone.
